Thursday, January 30, 2020
The Journals of Susanna Moodie Essay Example for Free
The Journals of Susanna Moodie Essay One of the finest collections of poetry known is The Journals of Susanna Moodie, reiterating several poems contoured to environmental factors. Most of the poems are interconnected and weaves a cumulative effect on the reader. Of course, the cohesiveness comes from one persona, which is Susanna Moodie. Significantly, this book utters a womanââ¬â¢s growth and development into another land where light, darkness, trees, and fire form an important story in Moodieââ¬â¢s life. For instance is Moodieââ¬â¢s transformation in a foreign land, translated by light protruding into darkness. Sensibility on Moodieââ¬â¢s part will enhance the captivity of making such values on the environmental influences during and after her migration (Bilan, 2007). In this book, Atwood emphasizes the lack of connection a person has with a specific land. The ââ¬Å"lightâ⬠specified in the character of Moodie derives an inner margin between the land and the protagonist. The first of the three journals conveys the initialized entrance of Moodie unto a foreign space. It is described that Moodie sees herself as a light shedding to rocks. It seems that she already knew herself as a foreign character. Seen in this book, is the addressed change through acceptance and eventual exploration of greater self. Susanna Moodie is the protagonist, where she lives in the period of the 19th century, as an English immigrant to Upper Canada. This book is composed of eighteen poems under three journals. The first journal entails Moodieââ¬â¢s journey across the Atlantic and up the St. Lawrence where her departure becomes a difficult undertaking. Her migration has caused several deaths among her children. Following this event is her husbandââ¬â¢s work as sheriff in Belleville. In the second journal, Mrs. Moodie experiences the haunting of the difficulties she had known in her past, which eventually links to what she has become in the third journal, a haunting ghost (Hammill, 2003). The Planters This poem sees how their adaptation comes in the unknown land. In the first stanza saying, ââ¬Å"They move between the jagged edge Of the forest and the jagged river On a stumpy patch of cleared land. â⬠(Atwood 16) Clearly, the stanza reiterates the difficulty of migration. Somehow, there is a description of their origin, ââ¬Å"jaggedâ⬠meaning diverse or interchanging life. On the next verse, ââ¬Ëstumpy patch of cleared land,ââ¬â¢ the characterization of the foreign land looked civilized to her or quiet. This description may also mean silence, where there is no one to cling to because of adapting to a new culture. The next stanza focuses on her husbandââ¬â¢s and other neighborââ¬â¢s status on their quest. Identified by describing how they foster their imminent work in the fields, she describes their hard adjustment through exploration uttering, ââ¬Å"my husband, a neighbor, and another man Weeding the few rows Of string beans and dusty potatoes They bend, straighten; the sun Lights up their faces and hands, candles Flickering in the wind against theâ⬠(Atwood 16) It seems as though their work is very hard. Mrs. Moodie knows that their migration costs a lot than it should and the primary factor beaming is their culture. She also sees that their experience is similar to what other persons like them endure. The sun emphasized are the superiors, she sees her husband and the other who work as only candles, ââ¬Å"flickeringâ⬠or unsure of what they are doing. In addition, the instability portrayed may come from the sense of viewing their upholding traditions or what they are used to. Connected to this proposition is still the diffidence they feel on a foreign land. As said in the following, ââ¬Å"unbright earth. I see them; I know None of them believe they are here. They deny the ground they stand on. â⬠(Atwood 16) Their uncertainty dictates their actions. Moodie knows the unpleasant fact of their migration. Hence, the acceptance should be obscure rather than clarified. In a sense, the viewed party is undermined not by the consequences but of experiences they reach. She accepts yet another hurtful fact of their stay in that cleared land, as she utters of their future troubled but coping, to the unknown world. ââ¬Å"pretend the dirt is future. And they are right. If they let go Of that illusion solid to them as a shovel,â⬠(Atwood 17) Uttering these words would mean of the unpleasant pursuit dictated by their present status. Dirt would mean the strange, unacceptable, and unworthy but still, they have to and need to approve of it as part of their lives. She accepts it, spoiled and impaired. She acknowledges that if they try to accept that fact, stated as ââ¬Å"solid to them as a shovel,â⬠they are doomed. Finally, she identifies of the unknown world vehemently depraved of freedom, stating, ââ¬Å"open their eyes for a moment To these trees, to this particular sun They would be surrounded, stormed, and broken In upon by branches, roots, tendrils, the dark side of light As I am. â⬠(Atwood 17). Mrs. Moodies know of her position. She knows that similarly, other people superior to them determine her fate. Her understanding of that freedom, when persevered to the highest will result to a much bigger problem. She describes it by trees, its members, that they are the darker side of light. Generally, Mrs. Moodie experiences alienation from the verge of Victorian era. Her perception is more complex than any other is, more than her husband and those having similar fate. The separation of dark and light begins to break down unto her senses. Paths and Thingscape Explained in this entry is the attempt of Mrs. Moodie to take course of assimilation, though she is unsure of what she is doing. She wants this to happen, as she ventures into a new world. In these words, she starts to wander of other personââ¬â¢s embrace of the new world, asserting, ââ¬Å"Those who went ahead Of us in the forest Bent the early trees So that they grew the signals: The trail was not among the trees but the treesâ⬠(Atwood 20) Again, she sees superiority over those who went ahead of her. She becomes the observer of the future unfolds of to the people comparable to her status. However, she dreams of awakening herself and accepting what these trees offer. She expresses what others dream of, extolling of the detriments, ââ¬Å"and there are some, who have dreams Of birds flying into shapes Of letters; the skyââ¬â¢s codes; And dream also The significance of numbers (count petals of certain flowers). (20) The endowment of certain plans to make their future pleasant upholds her wishes of a better future. It supports her adaptation to the new land. Even though it proclaims of an uncertain trail held by people superior to them, still, she manifests of her justifications as correct. Guided by uncertainty and mere courage she advances into a more treacherous state of adjusting, she exalts of her undertakings, ââ¬Å"In the morning I advance Through the doorway: the sun On the bark, the inter- twisted branches, here a blue movement in the leaves, dispersed Calls/no trails; rocks And grey tufts of mossâ⬠(Atwood 20) Her endeavor of finally settling to new pastures becomes wide and unsurpassed. She feels more comfortable of telling her spiritual bereavement over many things. More importantly, she endures of freedom like any body else and cannot commit herself to dependence. However, she feels insecurity of what is hiding unto the depths of the new world. She picks up the obligatory impression parallel with the others who dreamt of liberation. She exclaims of her concerns, ââ¬Å"The petals of the fire- Weed fall where they fall I am watched like an invader Who knows hostility but not where The day shrinks back from meâ⬠(Atwood 21) Her definition inclines a surety of purposeful downfall after an undertaking. She exceeds advancement but treats it as a threat and not a triumph. Her overwhelmed quest modifies the true picture of the superiority over her and excludes courageous acts. However, this comprehensive characterization of Mrs. Moodieââ¬â¢s opinions may be false, as some elements may prove supportive of what she plans or does. The transformation possible ends in a negative opinion rather than a separate entity. What she does not conceptualize is the harmonious feeling of the subjective entities around her. Even though this is partially correct, she gratifies each vision as complete though it is not.
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
The Role of Queen Guinevere in King Arthur and His Knights Essay
She is the most perdurable female figure in King Arthur and his Knights. Without her the suspense and the plot flow could not have been achieved. Her influence has enabled her to penetrate into menââ¬â¢s world a trait that distinguishes her from the rest of the women. Knights are referred to as the queenââ¬â¢s knights. We could say the same of the ladies who accompany the queen and keep the knights in good company (pg.52) .Queen Guinevere, as the Kingââ¬â¢s wife, is acknowledged by males. But despite her access to the Round Table, she has no legitimate power. She is a woman figure who can be discarded as desired. Her presence in the male dominated arena is a source of discord among them. She is resented as a threat to the bonds of men, an eventuality which will lead to the end of the Round Table. She is represented as a danger to the misogynist circle. Malory gives Guinevere a maternal character, whose love is expected to be impartial to her children, and in this case to her knights. By being the kingââ¬â¢s wife, Queen Guinevere acquires a political and a symbolic duty in the kingdom, but this status does not exempt her from maleââ¬â¢s contempt towards the female gender. All her attempts to improve her status are watered down by male rivalry. Queen Guinevere does not find pleasure in the male company. Love, the only benefit she could reap from men is given no room. Guinevereââ¬â¢s preference for Sir Lancelot creates animosity amongst the Knights of the Round Table. Her illegitimate affair is resented by Sir Modred as betrayal. The latterââ¬â¢s concealed jealousy towards Sir Lancelot turns into an open demonstration of loyalty to the King Arthur and eventually to unprecedented war. Queen Guinevere is a source of trouble among the Knights of the Round Tab... ... the male gender, for it is the only language men decipher with ease. Love, a probable ground on which men and women can converge is divisive and destructive to all those who turn to it in their efforts to bridge the gender gap. The capacity to conceive and give birth adds value to the women in Malory. Lady Igraineââ¬â¢s significance is only mentioned in relation to King Arthurââ¬â¢s birth. Through Galahad, Elaineââ¬â¢s importance is underlined, but all the glory goes to Lancelot and Galahad himself. Queen Guinevere is childless and this could be the reason why she is not appealing to King Arthur. The latter focuses his attention on Sir Gawain and Sir Lancelot as his possible heirs. Sir Thomas Maloryââ¬â¢s female characters are centered on male ideals and traits. Women can only be considered in relation to heroic male actions, roles which they complement or defy.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Focus on Siemens AG Company
There is a state of ambivalence over bribery in organizations. Some people regard bribery as a type of pecuniary corruption since it involves the transfer of money or any form of gift aimed at altering the behaviour of the recipient (Dowling 2008). In deed the Blackââ¬â¢s law Dictionary defines bribery as a form of crime that involves giving, offering, soliciting for or receiving any item that has value in order to manipulate the actions of a person or official performing a certain duty (Dowling 2008).In this case, what makes bribery bad is the fact that the person receiving the bribe may act in a manner that would be detrimental to other operations in an organizations or related organizations. Such operations may include substandard services in which the bribery is used to protect the parties involved (Dowling 2008). On the other hand, some people view bribery as an act that is part of development ambitions in organizations. For instance, Lemieux (2005) argues that many countries whose underground economies have grown could not be where they are today were it not for bribery.And this seems to be the secret behind many organizations such as Siemens AG, which have to deal with authorities in terms of taxation and other legal requirements. Along this line, Lemieux (2005) opines that it is often not possible, or it is very costly, for a company or an individual to escape the restrictions and other prohibitions that are prerequisites to operation of business. Lemieux (2005) also notes that bribery in organizations is a phenomenon that cannot be easily gotten rid of because it is perfectly impossible to enforce the measures required to maintain a bribery-free business environment.Instead, the stricter measures to stop bribery in many organizations only serve to amplify the phenomenon (Lemieux 2005). Cash bribes are often used as donations to many political parties, and non-cash bribes may also be used to seek support in certain business ventures. Thus, according to Lemieux (2005), there is a common dictum among organizations: bribe them (the authorities) if you want to do peaceful business. Siemens AG was a company of high repute as the largest engineering firm in Europe, but its image was clouded when it ventured into bribery in order to expand its operations (OECD 2005).As discussed in this paper, Siemens AG was involved in massive bribery deals both locally and internationally in a bid to maintain a good image of the corporation as a global leader in engineering (Economist. com). But as further discussed, bribery is not only expensive but also a phenomenon that can tarnish the name of a company given the fines that Siemens AG had to pay and the numerous apologies it had to make ( Economist. com). The company also had to suspend many of its staff who were allegedly involve in the bribery claims, thus slowing down its vigour in the market (Economist.com). This makes bribery a topic that is amenable to further discussion as to whether it is a mechanism to advance the operations of a business or it is a vice that should be abhorred by organizations if they want to be successful. The Siemens AG Bribery Scandals Siemens AGââ¬â¢s slogan ââ¬Å"Be Inspiredâ⬠of the mid-1990s was perhaps of the most inspiring slogans to have been used by leading organizations in the world (Economist. com). However, the inspiration later turned out to involve murky deals aimed at promoting the company globally.So did the managers of the company lack the inspiration to build the company or they were just inspired to build it using alternative means? Siemens AGââ¬â¢s managers were involved in mischievous ways of funnelling huge sums of money to corrupt leaders of many authorities and politician the world over (OECD 2005). The methods used in the bribery cases were just astounding. According to Economist. com, the company bribed its subjects with a lot of trust and candour that no one could figure out the vice in many business transa ctions.To facilitate the bribery operations, the company set up three ââ¬Å"cash desksâ⬠in its offices from which the bribery operations were performed (OECD 2005). Company employees would bring empty suitcases to the desks, which would be filled with cash in a manner that could raise no suspicion. As a result of such deals, as much as â⠬1 million or $1. 4 million was withdrawn at different times to facilitate securing of contracts for Siemens AGââ¬â¢s telecoms equipment division (OECD 2005).The cash desks for bribery deals operated on honour mechanisms and not many questions were asked about the operations, nor was proof documentation required (Economist. com). In addition, managers who made application for money from the company were allowed to approve their requests without following due procedures (Economist. com). In fact, by the year 1999 Siemens AG was openly claiming tax deductions to cater for bribes, and the dealings were recorded in accounts books as useful expenditure (Economist. com).In the context of the bribery deals, it is worthwhile to note that Siemens AG considered bribery as a business venture aimed at widening its scope of operations. As a matter of fact, Siemens AG spent about $67 million in ââ¬Å"suitcasesâ⬠between 2001 and 2004 (OECD 2005). Nevertheless, according to OECD (2005), the people involved in the bribery transactions felt confident about what they were doing and knew that there was nothing wrong. The point here is that bribery was considered as a normal activity that required no questioning.The seemingly conducive culture of bribery continued with illicit payments even after Germany had banned bribing of foreign officials in the year 1999 (Balzli, Deckstein & Schmitt 2007). Thus, when Siemens AG listed its shares on United Statesââ¬â¢ New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in 2001 and it was subjected to stringent American anti-bribery measures, the managers desisted from counting cash in office (Balzli, Decks tein & Schmitt 2007). Instead, they turned to the use of cash cheques to perform the same operations.The cheques were deposited in various accounts but the company did not keep records in its own books so that it could make more nefarious payments (Balzli, Deckstein & Schmitt 2007). In order to disguise the underhand operations, Siemens AG managers outsourced most of its accounts works to ââ¬Å"business consultantsâ⬠so that no it would not be culpable in any secret operation would be unearthed (Economist. com). In bid to cover their operations further, the managers of the company used more eccentric mean to avoid being found (Balzli, Deckstein & Schmitt 2007).When they authorised the bribery payments, they used removable sticky notes, which would be easily destroyed to conceal all evidence of any transaction (Fernando & Bellamkonda 2007). The sums of money transferred by the managers of Siemens AG were staggering. According to Balzli, Deckstein and Schmitt (2007), a total of $805 million was handed over by the company to foreign officials in bribes. The money handed out was aimed at ensuring that Siemens won as many contracts as it could in many foreign markets (Economist. com).In other instances, the bribes were meant to woo labour representatives in supervisory areas to support Siemens AG policies when they would obviously need to rejected (Fernando & Bellamkonda 2007). Along this line, Fernando and Bellamkonda (2007) note that the German governmentââ¬â¢s stance on bribery was perhaps a contributing factor in Siemens AGââ¬â¢s underhand operations. This is because many companies understood that the German law and even the law in many other OECD countries permitted bribery and even offered subsidies to companies in order to enhance their operations in spite of the huge sums of money given out in form of bribes.Implications of the bribery cases When the Siemens AG bribe scandals were unearthed between 2006 and 2007, it was dubbed the ââ¬Å"$2 bill ion bribes-for-business scandalâ⬠(Bushan 2008). When the details of scandal spilled out, German authorities raised siemens AGââ¬â¢ s offices in Germany an further investigations were initiated in countries such as the United States, Italy, Greece, and Switzerland where the company hand major investments (Bushan 2008). What followed were court suits, apologies, and a general decline in the companyââ¬â¢s performance.The first reaction by the company managers was a fallout in which the CEO, Heinrich von Pierer and head of the companyââ¬â¢s supervisory board, known as Klaus Kleinfeld, resigned in spite of the fact that they were not directly implicated (Bushan 2008). On December 15 2008, Siemens AG agreed with its host country Germany and the United States to pay them $1. 34 billion in response to bribe charges (Dowling et al 2008). This ended a two-year inquiry that had been made by the German Government to Siemens AG officials all over the world.In the agreement, Siemen s AG paid â⠬395 million to settle to the German Governmentââ¬â¢s inquiry expenses and a further $800 million as the charges raised by the United States Security Exchange Commission (Dowling et al 2008). In addition, Siemens AG pleaded guilty to flouting the United States anti-bribery laws, which resulted into a penalty of a further $1. 36 billion (Dowling et al 2008). In an attempt to recover the massive losses, Siemens AG sued eleven of its former board executives led by Heinrich von Pierer and Klaus Kleinfeld (Dowling et al 2008).The new management of Siemens said that the action was meant to seek compensation from the former managers for damages that the company incurred as a result of their wanton actions (Dowling et al 2008). Some of the damages that were inflicted on Siemens and which the company would take time to recover from included a fall in the companyââ¬â¢s share price by 23 cent to â⠬47. 15 on the Frankfurt stock market. In addition, Siemensââ¬â¢s st ock in the market plummeted by 56 per cent in 2008 (Dowling et al 2008). What the Bribery Scandal in Siemens AG means about Bribery in OrganizationsGiven that the law in Germany and other OECD countries was somehow supportive of bribery, the efforts by the German Government to investigate the bribery claims can be considered to have been aimed at dignifying international laws on trade and laws against bribery (Dowling et al 2008). This is particularly true since other countries such as the United States, Greece, Italy and Switzerland were involved. According to Lemieux (2005), countries usually support corporations that have significant influence on the magnitude of their gross national product, as was the case of Siemens in Germany.Here, the fact that the German government provided subsidies to Siemens AG to facilitate its bribery payments cannot be gainsaid and is a clear pointer that even the though the government reacted, its officials had been well aware of the underhand operat ions. The Siemens AG bribery case also points out the weaknesses in governments when it comes to dealing with giant corporations. It is particularly worthy noting that Europe is still miles behind the United States when dealing with corruption cases particularly bribery (Georgiev 2008).According to a further analysis in Economist. com, Siemens invited group of lawyers from a United States firm called Debevoise & Plimpton to represent it with the hope that doing so would make it win sympathisers and have its name cleared from the bribery scandal. Nevertheless, this move made things even worse as the lawyers carried out a private investigation that cost the company a further â⠬204 million. Thus, according to Economist. com, an investigation by German investigators would not have unravelled as much.Although Siemens AG paid many fines, the amount of money cannot equal the damage it did to markets both locally and at the international level. Considering the fact that Siemens AG was used to paying bribes, the fines were just meant to polish the name of the company. Nevertheless, other companies lost several contracts due to Siemens AGââ¬â¢s bribery (Balzli, Deckstein & Schmitt 2007). This perhaps is the worst effect of the bribery claims as companies that seemingly would have been more competent than Siemens AG were denied the chance to compete for tenders due to the bribe mask.This shows how unpopular companies are treated unfairly at the expense of pleasing giant companies, which have the ability to finance illegal operations. Siemens AG was able to influence market policies through bribery and this therefore leaves a question of whether the giant organizations of the world actually reach the top through excellent performance or through underhand deals as portrayed by firm. According to Economist. com, the confession by Siemens AG of involvement in bribery was triggered not by the fact that bribery is a vice in the organizational environment.Rather, it was due to the realization that the company was bound to lose a major market in the United States- which was firmly against the deals, as well as other markets in Greece, Italy, and Switzerland. A question that arises therefore is what would have happened had the bribery scandal not been raised in the public limelight. Would Siemens AG have been praised as a company that has roots all over the world and experiencing rapid growth to necessitate government subsidies, or would it have been criticised to have grown based on underhand operations?Probably the answer lies in viewing bribery a vice and not an incentive within organizations, and realizing that fair competition should not involve bribery. Conclusion Bribery in organizations is viewed with different standpoints depending on the effect it has on the respective organizations. For large organizations such as Siemens AG, bribery is seen as a mechanism to augment expansion since restrictions such as laws are avoided. Nevertheless, the adverse effects of bribery include massive fines against the organizations involved and a significant corporate damage as was realized in the case of Siemens AG. ReferencesBalzli, B, Deckstein, D & Schmitt J 2007, New Report Details Far-Reaching Corruption, Spiegel Online International, Available from http://www. spiegel. de/international/0,1518,462954,00. html (16 March 2009) Bhushan, A 2008, Bribes-for-Business: Siemens AG Sues 11 former management board executives, CEOWORLD Magazine, Available from http://ceoworld. biz/ceo/2008/07/31/bribes-for-business-siemens-ag-sues-11-former-management-board-executives/ (16 March 2009) Dowling, P; Welch, D E ; Festing, M & Engle A D 2008, International human resource management: managing people in a multinational context, Cengage Learning EMEA, New YorkEconomist. com, 17 Dec 2008, The stench of bribery at Siemens signals a wider rot in Europe, Available from http://www. economist. com/business/displaystory. cfm? story_id=12800474 (16 March 2 009) Fernando, R & Bellamkonda, B 2007, The Bribery Scandal at Siemens AG, Available from http://www. caseplace. org/d. asp? d=375 (16 March 2009) Georgiev, P K 2008, Corruptive patterns of patronage in SE Europe, VS Verlag, London Lemieux, P 2006, In defense of bribery, Available from http://mises. org/story/1884 (16 March 2009) OECD 2005, Fighting corruption and promoting integrity in public procurement, OECD Publishing, London
Monday, January 6, 2020
Mean Girls, directed by Mark Waters - 1221 Words
Today is a day unlike any you have experienced. You get yourself ready and arrive in a territory you could never be fully prepared for. In this new arena, you gaze out upon a vast variety of specimen. Each species holds closely to their kind to such an extent that it is as if the food chain is sprawled out in front of you in perfect balance. As your gaze ascends, it is abrasively obvious who hold the top of this bionetwork. The dominant, carnivorous female stands proudly and walks through the others with her team of hunters following closely behind. All other members of the ecology you have been submerged in part as they walk through, half watch in awe and all hope this leader is not hungry. Today is not your first day in theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Teenagers tend to act with abrasive and juvenile behavior, which makes most adults and educators generally ignore behavior issues, so as not to have to deal with them, which only fuels the social jungle of high school. The p rincipal and teachers of the high school in Mean Girls seemed to be turned off to the social realm of their school until a physical fight broke out forcing them to intervene. The knowledge of ââ¬Å"girl worldâ⬠rules seemed to benefit ââ¬Å"Cadyâ⬠the most and be both directly and indirectly encouraged by those around her. Knowing that she could only have her hair in a ponytail once a week, could not repeat a tank top two days in a row, that jeans and track pants were only allowed on Friday, and, most importantly, how to properly manipulate everyone around her rose ââ¬Å"Cadyâ⬠to royalty status making everything else obsolete. When only the ââ¬Å"nerdsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"art freaksâ⬠would accept her with academic success, the entire school would admire her for social success. Social dominance truly seems greater than achieving scholastic achievements in American high schools. Why be the smart gazelle when you can be the strong lioness? Even the best gaz elle, on itsââ¬â¢ worst day, is lion food. The typical stereotypes viewed in the American high school ecosystem are labeled and ranked, from the best to the worst, in the movie Mean Girls in order to relate directly to the movieââ¬â¢s audience of teenaged females. On ââ¬Å"Cadyââ¬â¢sâ⬠first day of school, ââ¬Å"Janisâ⬠explains to her that whereShow MoreRelatedMean Girls841 Words à |à 4 PagesSugar and Spice is No Longer Nice Mean Girls is a comedy directed by Mark Waters and written by Tina Fey. Cady Heron is the new girl in town who moved from Africa. She instantly makes friends with two teenagers that are nice (Damian and Janis) whom, are considered in the out crowd. After she meets the Plastics (three rude and popular girls), consisting of Regina the leader, Gretchen (Reginaââ¬â¢s follower), Karen is considering one of the dumbest people you will meet. 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