Active Theory of Television Viewing - 2269 Words

NAME: Simba Elijah Kiage ADM NO: 643419 ASSIGNMENT: A Report on Active Theory of Television Viewing Course: Jnr2223 INSTRUCTOR:Kioko Ireri, Ph.D. SUMMARY PURPOSE Delivered for the fulfillment of a Bachelors Degree in Mass media SCOPE: The Report covers the Active Viewing Theory, its contribution to understanding media effects on audiences documented challenges from research scholars. Presented To: Kioko Ireri, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Journalism amp; Mass Communication Patron, Journalism Club, Journalism Department United States International University-Africa. Introduction This theory finds its roots in Bandura’s 1977’s social learning theory which states that some prim aspects of television programming†¦show more content†¦Julian Rotter (Phares,1972),doesn’t fundamentally agree with Bandura on the instantaneous learning curve but he seems to suggest that learners will only act in accordance with the knowledge they have on what the consequences of their actions will be at any given moment and their beliefs are what govern their specific actions on any subject.(Julian Rotter,p.g.130) Baltes and Reese(1984)support this theory by stating that it is indeed true that individuals learn from their environment and that child psychologists will agree that age coupled highly by environmental factors act as the major influence on development and learning process of a child (Baltes and Reese p.g.514) In this retrospective view, this theory also does find its roots in the Ulric Nasser’s 1967 journal on human psychology where he defines the learning process as a complex integration of observation, long exposure to information, storage and using and reusing (Cognitive Psychology, Ulric Nasser pg.256) which perfectly marries with the Banduras explanation that observation was key to the individuals learning process. Jean Piaget (1936) who was among the first psychologists to make a contribution to cognitive learning and especially in children seemed to also subscribe to the point that children learn from the environment and the eventually gauge what they already know with what the environment offers them (Jean Piaget p.g.125).Although his study wasn’tShow MoreRelatedThe Creation of Digital Media for Adolescents Essay655 Words   |  3 Pagesdevelopment of digital media for children. One could consider that the foundation of children’s digital media content must account for the four stages of child development as stated by, social constructivist, Jean Piaget. By employing active mediation and co-viewing a child’s parents and peers can participate in a child’s experiences; using digital media in the context of learning can facilitate the understanding and processing of content in programming and advertisements. When establishing the formationRead MoreExploring Why the Mass Media May Exert Only a Limited Influence Over the Audience1307 Words   |  6 PagesExploring Why the Mass Media May Exert Only a Limited Influence Over the Audience Media is the way in which large companies are able to diffuse their choice of information to the public via sources such as television, newspapers and radio stations. It is evident that the media in general has become a major function in most people’s lives and consequently has been blamed fir crime, abortion and the corruption of morals in society. I will attempt to evaluate to what extentRead MoreIntroduction. Obesity Has Been A Growing Problem In The951 Words   |  4 Pagesindicated a direct association between television viewing and obesity, using various approaches and theories. 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(Winn 76) A research study in USA Today showed results of a survey indicating â€Å"14% of parents said TV is always on.†(Par 4) Their findings point out â€Å"TVRead MoreEffects of Obesity on the Motor Development of Children Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pages There are also several theories that surround motor development. For example, the maturational theory suggests the maturation of different body systems, most importantly the central nervous system, is the main force that drives motor development (Payne Isaacs, 2008). This theory proposes that genetic inheritance is the most important factor that determines motor development and the environment plays a small rol e. On the other hand, the information processing theory maintains that humans respondRead MoreAudience Is A Term That Used To Describe A Large Group1602 Words   |  7 Pagesthe audience. Media has huge influential power towards audience thinking and behaviour. 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Education And The Global Studies Foundation - 998 Words

Education is power. It has the power to influence our goals and motivate ourselves to attain those goals. Each decision we make in life is primarily influenced by the knowledge we have gathered through education. It develops the sense of who we are as a knowledgeable and diverse human being. Education has to do with our identity, with how we characterize ourselves mentally and in the way we communicate with others. Education gave me the competence to independently seek out information and pass my knowledge to others. Most importantly, it allows me to help others to continue to pursue an education. I will extend my education by attending Central Connecticut State University. In college, I will pursue a bachelor’s degree in Political Science/Public Administration with a double minor in Journalism and Criminal Justice. I will use what I learned in college to become involved in the Global Studies Foundation. Their mission is to promote education by connecting with young individual s of different cultures. The communication skills I obtain through my degree in Public Administration, will definitely allow me to connect with millions and show them what the worth of an education is. I will help the foundation promote education on a national level. This foundation is imperative in our society and will allow me to obtain skills in education administration. I will also utilize my skills and experience to achieve my ultimate career goal to become the Superintendent of Schools in theShow MoreRelatedInternational Partnership : Education And Cultural Exchange Foundation1428 Words   |  6 Pagesfostered, education has changed forever for educators and for students around the world. The People s Republic of China has entered a historical conversion, as well, that has revolutionized the lives and futures of Chinese children. 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Our Overarching Vision of the School We envision a school that will address the need to prepare students to be college and career ready in the competitive, global economy

European Corporate Responsibility Reporting

Question: Discuss about the European Corporate Responsibility Reporting. Answer: Introduction: This memorandum is constructed in order to evaluate the sustainability report of LOreal so all the issues related to the organization can be discovered. The sustainability report is a form of an organizational report that provides basic information about the environmental, economic social and performance of the governance. This sort of a report is not generated from any data but is instead a process to improve and adopt the firms commitment towards sustainable enhancement in such a way that they can be validated to the stakeholders, both external and internal. It is important to establish a sustainability report for LOreal so that all the policies and the plans that have been established by the organization can be understood and a clear idea can be framed as to whether the polices and the sustainable implementations undertaken by the firm are actually real. It is seen that the sustainability report of the firm comprises of the producing, innovating, developing and living that enhances the current position of the organization. The following is the Balance Score Card that provides the sustainability report of LOreal. The balance score card is given below: Innovating Sustainability The innovative sustainability that is undertaken by the organization involves decreasing the footprints that are related to the environment within the formulas that are used in order to manufacture their products. It is seen that LOreal wants to assure their customers that they are undertaking various experiments with respect to their products so that the products they produce are environment friendly but there are no hints of the process used to manufacture the product in front of the market and the consumers. LOreal has the aim of respecting the biodiversity of the global environment so that all their products are eco-friendly and they do not have an impact on the diversified ecosystem. The company has the aim of optimizing their level of packaging by making use of biodegradable items as their packaging items so that they do not harm the environment. The bottles and the boxes they use for packaging are recyclable so that they can be used again again for the packaging the same product. The aim concern for the global environment is the issue of deforestation that is leading to rise in pollution and global warming. LOreal has focused on manufacturing their product with the help of items that do not lead to deforestation. They try to make use of the sap that are available from the trees and with the help of innovative scientific process undertake various researches to create healthy cosmetic items that will be beneficial for the consumers. LOreal is against deforestation and they have undertaken various promotional activities and CSR activities in order to aware the consumers about the effect of deforestation. Producing Sustainability LOreal is under the impression that the only way to reduce the negative impact on the environment is by taking positive initiatives by all the organizations who are functioning in the world. LOreal tries to manufacture their products with the help of new and improved techniques so that the level of CO2 emission reduces thereby taking care of the environmental issues. There has been an increase in population with the advent of time and it is seen that the level of water consumption has increased (Maon Lindgreen 2015). Therefore, the company tries to decrease the level of water consumption so that optimal use of the resources can be achieved. The firm tries to reduce their level of waste by making use of various waste reduction techniques that can reduce the level of waste and thereby developing the environment where the organization operates. LOreal has always been trying to generate their living sustainability as it uplifts the image of the firm in front of the consumers. The firm tries to evaluate the footprints that are undertaken by the product thereby finding out what steps can be taken in order to improve the initiatives the products undertake in order to make a sustainable environment that will develop the economy and the environment. LOreal is under the impression that sustainability can be accomplished by increasing the consumer awareness with the help of training programs and awareness activities through advertisements that will promote the need for environment to be preserved properly. LOreal are focused on enhancing the sustainability in the environment and within the organizational culture. LOreal looks to motivate and promote the admission of the employees in developing sustainability program so that new ideas can be generated that can be implemented so improve the sustainability policies of the organization (Epstein Buhovac 2014). The firm even tries to include the society within the sustainability program so that their issues can be recovered and new ideas can be introduced in order to rectify the problems and develop a better developmental plan. The company is under the impression that if they join hands with the suppliers with respect to their commitments then the suppliers can understand what the organization requires and accordingly the suppliers can bring about changes in their manufacturing style that will even improve sustainability of the organization. The firm tries to globalize their social model by spreading its wings in various corners of the world and thereby distributing their idea about an eco-friendly environment can be accomplished. Ideologies of LOreal The process of environmental accounting has an influential impact on the company report. It is because of the fact that this method is influential for examining their effect on environmental performance and the value of the organization (Gatti Seele 2014). This process is even ideal for the reducing the cost of the organization that can lead to better performance of the firm. Environmental accounting can even lead to rise in profit and will thereby lead to increase in market share. LOreal has the aim of increasing the promotional activity with respect to awareness among the consumers with respect to decrease in the level of pollution from the environment and optimal use of the scarce resources. The organization tries to manufacture products that are eco-friendly and has ingredients that are obtained from the nature so that these products become useful for the consumers. The earlier section describes about the operations and the objectives that are performed by LOreal with respect to their sustainable and environmental policies. There are various issues that are related organizational policies of LOreal that creates a wrong impression to the consumers. The most important issue that has been identified with respect to LOreal is their promotional policies of their subsidiary The Body Shop. The products that are sold by Body Shop smells nice and they are felt nice when they are applied on skin. The firm claims that all their products are made from natural ingredients by undertaking various publicities through their icons, websites and their promotional activities like protection of the world through community trading support, protection of the planet, self-esteem activation and initiatives against animal testing (Lam Quinn 2014). The firm promotes their product as 100% biodegradable and they maintain the eco-conscious standards. Body Shop has stated th at their products are even non-toxic and does not have an impact on aquatic species. They are even able to minimize the level of packaging waste and thereby creating an image in front of the world that their products are safeguarding the environment. However, there rose a controversy right after Body Shop was acquired by LOreal. The media disclosed that LOreal were undertaking tests on animals to find out the effectiveness of the product and to discover whether they have any side-effects. The products were sold to the public after the animal tests were successful. This issue was against the value that was highlighted by Body Shop. The firm tried to undermine these allegations by awaking the consumers regarding wrong information but these approaches were not sufficient to change the mindset of the consumers. The issue that generated after this incident was that even though the firm highlighted green products on their website, consumers wanted to know the level to which the products were actually green. This showed that the company undertook the policy of green washing by which the company promoted their products to be eco-friendly. The labels on the product claiming to have an Eco-conscious standard were able to create an impression that the products were made of natural products but without the labels, this promotion sounded meaningless as there were no elaboration about the products that were used. The symbol on the product showed that eco-conscious standards are met but the actual truth is that the product is not even meeting the international standards. Therefore, the process of green washing is a significant issue that requires to be amended by LOreal in order to preserve their customer base in the market. Another issue that is seen with respect to LOreal is their faulty advertisement. The organization undertakes advertisements that looks to highlight their products having natural ingredients and are very effective of personal healthcare. The company ascertains that they look to provide eco-friendly products but during advertisements, their focus is on how the products provide smooth skins and beautiful hair. The advertisements do not seek attention to the focus on eco-friendly and non-toxic products. Therefore, these are the main issues that are pertinent with LOreal and require to be resolved in order to create a better reputation in the market. The following table depicts the SWOT Analysis of LOreal. SWOT Analysis Strength Largest Cosmetic and Beauty Company Has a continuous Research and Development Activity Good brand and product portfolio High Quality Products Integrated market communications Widespread Distribution Natural and Organic in nature Weakness Too many subdivisions Lower profit margin Degrading hair care treatment Opportunities Market Potential High demand for organic cosmetics Expansion of product mix Revival of the Body Shop Threats Cash Crunch Dynamic feature of cosmetics industry Recommendations The analysis of the issues that have been explained earlier in the memorandum shows that there requires a drastic change in the organizational policies of LOreal because even though the organization shows that they are focusing on manufacturing eco-friendly and natural products the problem that was discovered during the acquisition of The Body Shop has changed the mindset of the consumers. It is important for the firm to transform their advertisement and promotional strategies where the focus will be on protecting the environment and the planet. It is essential for LOreal to undertake a market research and analyze the strategies that are undertaken by their competitor especially Unilever that will help them understand their position in the market. LOreal should even look at the strategies implemented by Unilever so that they can undertake necessary changes so that they can stay one step ahead of them and brand their product efficiently better. The organization should even publish their sustainability report in front of their stakeholders and in the official website so that anyone can access them and have an idea that what the firm is really undertaking for the environment. The firm should even venture into markets where they have not accessed yet and thereby increase their revenue. LOreal should even make undertake brand extensions with the introduction of new and improved eco-friendly and natural products that will add value and will even generate revenue. The use of extensive and proper advertisements will enhance the sale s in the market and increase their market share. The changes in the management policies and additional supervision on the progress of the market and the production process can be influential. The use of all these activities can be useful in enhancing the firm in the economy. Reference List Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014). A new day for sustainability: is your company ready to take on increased responsibility for its activities throughout the globe?. Strategic Finance, 96(1), 25-34. Gatti, L., Seele, P. (2014). Evidence for the prevalence of the sustainability concept in European corporate responsibility reporting. Sustainability science, 9(1), 89-102. Lam, J., Quinn, F. (2014). The role of sustainability in enterprise risk management. Workiva White Paper. Maon, F., Lindgreen, A. (2015). Reclaiming the child left behind: The case for corporate cultural responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(4), 755-766.

Digital Marketing of Splash Fashion

Question: Discuss about theDigital Marketing of Splash Fashion. Answer: Introduction Digital Marketing is the most technologically ameliorate method to reach out to the consumers. It is seen as the most efficient way to conduct and expand a business. The concept of digital marketing has evolved into a new dimension since its first implementation in 1990s (Fulgoni Lipsman, 2014). Consumers can be targeted by optimizing strategies like search engine optimization, e-commerce, display advertising, marketing in social media and even through mobile phones (Thoring, 2011). Splash, the well established fashion company of UAE has been using this approach to expand their business. Through this essay an evaluation of this fashion industrys performance after digitalizing their product portfolio has been portrayed. The chosen organization Splash has been into commerce since 1993. It is a division of Landmark Group, the popular retail conglomerates in Africa, India and Middle East. The company at present has branches in 14 countries and are trying to reach out the global customers (Fashion, 2016). Before implementation of digital marketing only the people who resided in that location could get access to the products. The first and most important benefit received from bringing the company on digital platform is that now it can reach out to customers worldwide. In a report it has been found that social media and digital marketing has played a major role in empowering the companies to enhance their business. (Powers, 2012). Before plunging into digital marketing, the company must follow few simple strategies like: Setting Goals: It implies finding out the target that the company wants to achieve, like target more customers, target to move ahead of competitor and target to get more recognitions. Our chosen apparel industry targets to expand its customer portfolio by offering wide range of collections for their customer. But in recent times Splash fashion has been facing a cut off in their share of profit. Market Funnel Creation: A company who expertise in creating a good market funnel is expected to face lesser risk. It involves tracking the expected moves of the consumers and implementing strategies likewise. Call-to-Action: It is a way to channelize customers into the companys page to collect information. Call-to-Action is conducted by sending text or picture messages to customers and influencing them to visit certain website through given links. Traffic optimization: By ensuring keyword strategy, use of social media, quality contents and website optimization a digital marketing strategy can aim their targeted customers towards themselves. Splash fashion used the social media like Facebook, Twitter, etc to reach out to their customers while they are busy socializing (Thoring, 2011). It can be concluded that the company has achieved success by spreading out to global customers via an easy to use, well organized online portal. It has also conducted fashion shows and uploaded it on internet for the customers to spread product information to them. It has bagged the award titled Most Admired Marketing Campaign in 2011 and the Dubai Lynx Award in 2014. Earning the Powerbrand Award consecutively for 4 times in 2013 in it-self proves the success of this company in digital marketing (Fashion, 2016). References: Fashion, S. (2016). Splash - In love with Fashion. Www2.splashfashions.com. Retrieved 2 December 2016, from https://www2.splashfashions.com/in/en/about-us Fulgoni, G., Lipsman, A. (2014). Numbers, please: Digital game changers: How social media will help usher in the era of mobile and multi-platform campaign-effectiveness measurement.Journal of Advertising Research,54(1), 11-16. Powers, T., Advincula, D., Austin, M. S., Graiko, S., Snyder, J. (2012). Digital and social media in the purchase decision process.Journal of advertising research,52(4), 479-489. Thoring, A. (2011). Corporate tweeting: analysing the use of Twitter as a marketing tool by UK trade publishers.Publishing research quarterly,27(2), 141-158.